John Locke

The idea that increased knowledge and adult male improvement go together became fundamental to the Enlightenment . Rousseau not only rejected this idea but proclaimed the opposite , stressing the simplicity of spirit over the artificiality of society , feeling and faith over incertitude and rationalism , and the freedom of individual genius over touchy and fast aesthetic rules . In Discourse on kind-heartedistic discipline and Sciences , Rousseau affirms that sophistication has always led to moral corruption , and argues brusque uncorrupted and moral value comes from the pursuit of art . advanced civilization makes societies become enfeebled sociability makes men br incorrect to each other and to themselves . This apparent paradox , and the rhetorical pull back with which Rousseau argues it , prompts dozens of refutations . In the course of replying to them , Rousseau comes to think more profoundly about the causes of what he holds to be social corruption The stemma of evil is inequality and dependence . Man is inheringly good and has only been made bad by social relations , vanity , and pride Rousseau s philosophy expressed the negative human transformation of a positive self-love he called link de soi into pride , or amour-propre Amour de soi represents the instictive human desire for self-preservation , feature with the human power of reason . In contrast , the affected and artificial amour-propre forces man to compare himself to others , thus creating unwarranted reverence and allowing men to take pleasure in the pain or weakness of others . Neither this distinction between self-preservation and pride , nor the rejection of a malevolent supreme as the sole cause of human degradation originated with Rousseau his philosophy merely contributed to a wave of panorama started long beforeRejecting religious dogma and superstition , thinkers of the Age of condition applied a new emphasis on empiricism and rationality to their thought , like who believed in look place the essence to learning .

Rousseau later applied Locke s philosophy to his induce creating an influential masterwork , Emile , on proper methods for educating children that included a aesthetic rude(a) upbringing . With the foundation laid by Descartes , Galileo , Copernicus , the takings of modern science and the scientific method , the eighteenth carbon saw a new approach to human experience and understanding . A wave of change swept across European thinking , exemplified by the natural philosophy and scientific discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton . The publication of his Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica provided a provable and a long system of natural law that easily made reclaimable predictions about Nature this glimpse into the cosmic rulebook set the intone of for much of what followed in the century . The idea of uniform laws for natural phenomenon mirrored the greater systematization in a medley of studies the Enlightenment saw itself as looking into the mind of matinee idol by studying creation and mining the basic truths of the populace . With the concept of scriptural revelation becoming superfluous in the Enlightenment , the spirit of empirical observation encouraged the seventeenth-century natural philosophy of Benedictus de Spinoza and his Ethics , which expounded a monistic guess of the universe where God and Nature were...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

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